Social Studies- Gr. 5 | EssentialsofLearning

Chronological Reasoning

Explain how events are related chronologically to one another in time.
Employ mathematical skills to measure time in years and centuries. Understand the difference between B.C.E. and C.E. Identify the chronological significance of data presented in time lines.
Identify causes and effects using examples from current events or grade-level content and historical events
Identify and classify the relationship between multiple causes and multiple effects.
Distinguish between long-term and immediate causes and effects of an event from current events or history.
Recognize the dynamics of historical continuity and change over periods of time. Identify important turning points in history.
Use periods of time such as decades and centuries to organize a historical narrative; compare histories in different places in the Western Hemisphere utilizing timelines.
Recognize and identify patterns of continuity and change in history.
Understand the role of periodization as a practice in history and social studies.

Use location terms and geographic representations such as maps, photographs, satellite images, and models to describe where places in the Western Hemisphere are in relation to each other, to describe connections among places, and to evaluate the benefits of particular places for purposeful activities.
Distinguish human activities and human-made features from “environments” (natural events or physical features—land, air, and water—that are not directly made by humans) in the Western Hemisphere.
Identify and describe how environments affect human activities and how human activities affect physical environments through the study of cases in the Western Hemisphere.
Recognize and explain how characteristics (cultural, economic, and physical-environmental) of regions affect the history of societies in the Western Hemisphere.
Describe how human activities alter places and regions in the Western Hemisphere.
Recognize that boundaries and definition of location are historically constructed.

Demonstrate respect for the rights of others in discussion and classroom debates, regardless of whether one agrees with the other viewpoint. Consider alternate views in discussion, with teacher support.
Participate in activities that focus on a localized issue or problem in a country other than the United States in the Western Hemisphere.
Identify different types of political systems and ideologies used at various times and in various locations in the Western Hemisphere, and identify the roles of individuals and key groups in those political and social systems.
Identify opportunities for and the role of the individual in social and political participation at various times and in various locations in the Western Hemisphere outside the United States.
Participate in negotiating and compromising in the resolution of differences and conflict.
Identify situations with a global focus in which social actions are required and suggest solutions.
Describe the roles of people in power in the Western Hemisphere, both historically and currently. Identify ways that current figures can influence people’s rights and freedom.
Identify rights and responsibilities of citizens within societies in the Western Hemisphere.
Develop an understanding of the interdependence of individuals and groups in communities in the Western Hemisphere.

Identify a region in the Western Hemisphere by describing a characteristic that places within it have in common, and then compare it to other regions. Understand how regions can be defined as sharing common characteristics in contrast with other regions.
Categorize divergent perspectives of an individual historical event.
Describe and compare events in the history of the Western Hemisphere in societies in similar chronological contexts and in various geographical contexts.
Identify how the relationship between geography, economics, and history helps to define a context for events in the study of the Western Hemisphere.
Describe historical developments in the history of the Western Hemisphere with specific references to circumstances of time and place and to connections to broader regional or global processes, with teacher support.

Develop questions to help identify evidence about topics related to the historical events occurring in the Western Hemisphere that can be answered by gathering, interpreting, and using evidence.
Recognize and effectively select different forms of evidence used to make meaning in social studies (including primary and secondary sources such as art and photographs, artifacts, oral histories, maps, and graphs).
Identify evidence and explain content, authorship, purpose, and format; identify bias; explain the role of bias and potential audience, with teacher support.
Identify arguments of others.
Identify implicit ideas to draw inference, with support.
Recognize arguments on specific social studies topics and identify evidence supporting the argument.

Explain how scarcity necessitates decision making; employ examples from the Western Hemisphere to illustrate the role of scarcity historically and in current events.
Show examples of various types of resources (human capital, physical capital, and natural resources) required to provide goods and services.
Provide examples of how currency makes exchange easier by comparing a barter economy to a currency-based economy; examine why corporations and labor unions have a role in a market economy.
Examine the role of job specialization and trade historically and during contemporary times in the Western Hemisphere.
Explain the meaning of unemployment, inflation, income, and economic growth in the economy.
Describe government decisions that affect economies in case studies from the Western Hemisphere.